Questions

Nik Boyd


The Socratic Method

Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher who led his students to the discovery of truth by asking them leading questions rather than offering them easy answers. Thus, he was one of the first teachers to educe rather than educate his students. His questions drew out and revealed their inherent knowledge, judgement, and intuition, as well as their assumptions and decisions. Thus, they learned to think for themselves. Socrates forced them to construct their own answers rather than spoon feeding them.


The Quest for Concepts and Relations

The Socratic approach is one of the key elements of the EDUCE process. Asking questions encourages domain and usage authorities to be responsible and accountable for the conceptual models used to develop a software solution. The questions identified below obtain important information for a conceptual model. Remember to ask these questions to obtain elements missing from statements made by domain and usage authorities. Some of these questions elicit concepts and some elicit roles and relationships between concepts. The questions are organized into groups based the kinds of answers they produce. Each groups is one of the root conceptual types identified by Sowa.

Entity - Attribute - Measure - State - Event - Relation


Question Entity Examples
Who? Agent person, role, ...
Recipient person
Companion role
What? Instrument hammer, scope, ...
Object box, ...
Material silver, ...
Animal dog, ...
Where? Place city, park, ...
Whose? Possession his, her, ...
Question Attribute Examples
Where? Location above, below, ...
Whence? Source origin, ...
Whither? Destination target, ...
Direction left, right, ...
What Kind? Measure temperature, ...
Dimension mile, second, ...
How? Quality honesty, ...
Question Measure Examples
How Far? Distance 10 cm
How Long? Duration 100 years
How Many Times? Iteration 20 times
Multiplication 20 fold
What Portion? Partition 1 / 3
Which? Ordinality 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ...
How Many? Cardinality 1, 2, 3, ...
Question State Examples
What State? Condition illness, ...
Whether? Affirmation certainty, ...
Negation never, ...
Doubt possible, ...
Question Event Examples
When? Time 5:55am EST June 2, 1956
How Often? Frequency every Monday
Question Relation Examples
How? Manner quick, ...
How Much? Degree none, some, least, most, ...
Comparison greater, lesser, ...
Why? Cause X because Y
Reason if X, then Y
Purpose Y for X

Bibliography

J. F. Sowa. Conceptual Structures - Information Processing in Mind and Machine. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 1984.